Uturere mu kubyara Abana benshi
Umubare w’abana bavuka utandukanye mu Ntara n’Uturere, aho Umujyi wa Kigali n’Intara y’Amajyaruguru ari byo bigaragaramo bake, mu gihe Intara y’Iburasirazuba n’iy’Iburengerazuba zica agahigo mu kugira abagore babyara cyane.
Ibyo imibare igaragaza kukubyara abana benshi muturere
hindura
Imibare y’ibyavuye mu Ibarura Rusange rya Gatanu ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire mu Rwanda ryakozwe mu mwaka 2022, yagaragaje ko mu mwaka waribanjirije mu mwaka 2021 havutse abana 364.549. Aba bana baruta abaturage b’Akarere ka Nyaruguru kuko kugeza ubu gatuwe na 318.126.Uko imyaka ishira indi igataha ni ko umubare w’abaturage b’u Rwanda wiyongera bitewe n’umuvuduko mu bijyanye no kubyara, ari na ko ubucucike burushaho kuzamuka. Bikomeje bitya, mu mwaka wa 2052 Abanyarwanda bazaba barenga miliyoni 23.[1]Mu mwaka 1978 abaturage bose bari 4. 831.527, bigera mu mwaka 1991 biyongereyeho 3,1% baba 7.157.551.Gusa hagati yu mwaka 1991 nu mwaka 2002 biyongereho 1,2% bitewe n’uko abarenga miliyoni imwe bishwe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, bagera kuri 8.128.553. Nyuma bongeye kwiyongera bagera kuri 10.515.973 mu 2012, mu gihe mu mwaka ushize bari 13.246.394 nk’uko byagaragajwe n’amabarura yagiye akorwa muri iyo myaka.Kugeza ubu ikigereranyo cy’abana umugore umwe wo mu Rwanda abyara ni 3,6 (ni ukuvuga ko ari hagati y’abana batatu na bane) uvuye kuri 5,9 mu mwaka 2012.Umubare muto w’abana ku mugore umwe wagaragaye mu Karere ka Kicukiro (2,8) mu gihe umunini ari uwo muri Rusizi (4,5).Uretse Rusizi iza ku mwanya wa mbere mu kugira abana benshi bavuka, utundi turere tune tuyigwa mu ntege turimo Gisagara (4,4); Nyaruguru na Nyagatare (4,2) mu gihe Nyamasheke ifite 4,1.Nyuma ya Kicukiro ifite uburumbuke buri hasi (2,8) uturere tuyibanziriza turimo utwo mu Mujyi wa Kigali ni ukuvuga Nyarugenge (3); Gasabo (3,1); Rulindo (3,1) na Gakenke (3,2).
Ibindi wamenya
hinduraUburumbuke mu Rwanda bwaragabanutse mu myaka 44 ishize kuko mu mwaka 1978 umugore umwe yabarirwaga abana 8,6 mu gihe mu mwaka wa 2022 bageze kuri 3,6.Umuvuduko w’igabanuka wagaragaye cyane hagati y’umwaka wa 1978 na 1991 aho bavuye ku 8,6 bagera kuri 6,9 ariko bihita bigenda buhoro bigera mu mwaka 2002 ari 5,9.Ku rwego rw’isi, igihugu gifatwa nk’igifite igipimo gito cy’uburumbuke ni Korea y’Epfo (0,78) mu gihe Niger ifite kinini (6,82). Kuva mu 2020, ku isi igipimo rusange cy’uburumbuke ni abana 2,3.Abahanga bahuza uburumbuke n’urwego rw’iterambere ry’ubukungu umuntu ubwe aba agezeho, kuko kuva hambere ibihugu bikize byagiye bigira ikigero cy’uburumbuke cyo hasi hashingiwe ku byo abaturage babyo batunze, amashuri bize, kuba batuye mu mijyi n’ibindi.[1]Bitandukanye no mu bihugu bikennye cyane aho abagore babyara cyane. Rimwe na rimwe kubyara abana benshi bisanishwa no kuba abagore batagerwaho na serivisi zo kuboneza urubyaro, kuba bafite imyizerere ishingiye ku madini ari benshi, kuba batarize amashuri menshi cyangwa badafite akazi nubwo baba barize.
Impuguke icyo zibivugaho
hinduraImpuguke mu by’ubukungu n’Umunyamateka akaba n’umwe mu bajyanama ba Minisitiri w’Intebe w’u Buhinde, Sanjeev Sanyal, avuga ko ikigero cy’uburumbuke gishobora kuzakomeza kumanuka mu myaka iri imbere. Biramutse bigenze bityo, byafasha mu kuringaniza ubwiyongere bw’abatuye isi hagati y’umwaka wa 2050 nu mwaka 2070.Ibi ariko bitandukanye n’ibiteganywa n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye aho ubwiyongere bw’abaturage ku isi buzakomeza kugeza mu mwaka 2100.Ibyavuye mu ibarura mu Rwanda byerakana ko abangavu bangana na 2,6 babyaye. Iyi mibare iri hejuru mu bataye ishuri ugereranyije n’abana bakiri ku ntebe y’ishuri.Mu batarigeze bagera mu ishuri ababyaye imburagihe ni 5,2%; 7,8% mu bari barataye ishuri na 0,6% mu bari bakiri mu ishuri. ibi bigereranyo iyo bihujwe bigaragaza ko hari igihe abatuye isi bashobora kuzaba batiyongera, ntibanagabanuke.Ni ukuvuga ko umubare w’abana bazaba bavuka wongeyeho abinjira [mu gice runaka cy’isi] uzaba ungana n’uw’abapfa wongeyeho abasohoka.[1]Impfu z’abana na zo zaragabanutse ugereranyije ibyavuye mu mabarura yo mu 1978 na 2022. Ku mpinja zavuye ku 144 ku bihumbi 100 bavutse ari bazima mu mwaka 1978, zigera kuri 28,9 mu mwaka 2022.Icyizere cyo kubaho cyazamutse hagati ya 1978 na 1991 (imyaka yavuye kuri 46 igera kuri 54) iza kugabanuka kuva mu 1991 kugeza mu 2002 (iva kuri 54 igera kuri 51), mbere y’uko yongera kuzamuka ikava kuri 64 mu mwaka 2012 ikagera kuri 69,6 mu 2022.Ibi byaje kugenda bifata umurongo nyuma aho abaturage batangiriye kugerwaho na serivisi z’ubuvuzi, izo gukingira, amazi meza, imiturire myiza n’izindi mpinduka mu mibereho muri rusange.