Inka
Inka (izina ry’ubumenyi mu kilatini Bos primigenius taurus ♀) ni igitungwa kirya ivyatsi kandi gifise akamaro kanini mu mico kinyarwanda itungo.
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Inyana (izina mu Cyongereza calf)
Mu Rwanda
hinduraKubungabunga ubwoko bw’inka z’inyambo:
Nk’uko bigaragara gahunda z’ubworozi zose zigamije kongera umusaruro (intensification) hakoreshejwe amoko y’amatungo atanga umusaruro mwinshi ku butaka buto. Ibi birasaba kubangurira ku bwinshi inka z’inyarwanda hafi ya zose ku bwoko bw’amata (Friesian, Jersey) muri gahunda yo kongera umukamo.
Inka y’inyarwanda izwi kuba igira umukamo muto, ariko nanone izwiho kugira inyama nziza (less cholesterol) ari nacyo gituma mu bihugu byinshi batangiye kujya bayitwaraho icyororo. Mu rwego rwo kubungabunga izo nka z’inyambo, kugira ngo ubwo bwoko butazazima, hashyizweho amashyo atatu (3) y’Inyambo z’amashashi 600 zatoranyijwe muri Uganda, zikaba zororewe Gako mu Bugesera na Karama muri Nyagatare. Ifoto ikurikira iragaragaza amashashi y’inyambo yororewe mu rwuri rwa Karama.
Guteza imbere ubworozi bw’inka z’inyama :
Ubworozi bw’inka z’inyama nabwo ntabwo bwibagiranye. Aborozi batuye mu Murenge wa Ndego mu Karere ka Kirehe, batangiye guhuza ubutaka bwabo, bagamije kugira inzuri nini zakororerwaho inka z’inyama. Leta izabafasha kubona icyororo cy’izo nka, byaba ari ukuzigura mu mahanga cyangwa hakoreshwa intanga (ndetse n’insoro) z’ubwoko bwa Bonsmara na Brahaman zamaze kugurwa no kugezwa mu Gihugu n’izindi zose zishobora gutumizwa hanze.
Abikorera ku giti cyabo nabo Leta irabashishikariza korora ibimasa bivuye mu ma farms y’inka zitanga amata, bakabibyibushya ku buryo byatanga inyama.[1]
Indwara z’inka
hinduraIndwara z’inka muri rusange ziterwa n’udukoko nka virusi, bacteria n’ibihumyo. Hano hari zimwe mundwara zifata inka:
Uburenge : Iyi ndwara iterwa n’agakoko ka virusi. Ituma itungo ricika integer rikagira n’umuriro. Ifata ururimi, iminwa, igikanu, amaguru, amacebe n’amabere akagira ububabare.
Kuyigenzura : Ukongera isuku no gukingira. Akenshi kuyihagarika biragora iyo yagaragaye. Kubera ibyo, ni byiza kwica izarwaye.
Indwara ya tuberculosis : Ni indwara iramba iterwa na bacteri. Yi ndwara irakaze cyane kuko n’abantu bayandura bayikuye kunka inyuze mu mata no kubikomoka ku mata.
Kuyigenzura : Gufata ingamba zo gushyira mu kato no gupima bihoraho iyi ndwara. Amatungo adwaye agomba gushyirwa mukato kandi akabagwa. Gutera imiti yica udukoko buri gihe.
Indwara ya lung plague (pleuropneumonia) : Ni indwara iterwa n’agakoko ka virusi ituma itungo rikorora rigacika integer mbere y’uko ripfa. Ishobora kugenzurwa ushyira amatungo adwaye ukwayo.
Indwara ya Rinderpest (cattle plague) : Ni indwara ikaze iterwa n’agakoko ka virusi. Ibimenyetso harimo kutamera neza mu gifu bigatera guhitwa, umuriro mwinshi, gusohora imyanda ivanze n’amaraso no gucika integer muri rusange ku matungo.
Kuyigenzura : Ishobora kuvurwa ukoresha urukingo rwo kwirinda no gushyira amatungo adwaye ukwayo.
Indwara y’inzoka : Murizo harimo flukes, inzoka zo mumazi n’inzoka zo kubutaka. Ibimenyetso harimo kutarya.
Kuyigenzura : Guhora wica inzoka. Isuku nziza. Guhindura aho kororera.
Indwara y’umusinziro (Trypanosomiasis) : Iyi ndwara iterwa n’isasi yitwa tsetse. Udukoko dushwanyaguza ingingo zo mu maraso. Ibimenyetso harimo muri rusange gucika intege n’umuriro mwinshi. Kuyirinda bishobora wica amasasi ya tsetse no gukingira. Ishobora kugenzurwa ushyira amatungo adwaye ukwayo no kuyabaga.
Udukoko tubeshwaho n’inyamanswa: Utu dukoko duto dutwara indwara ariko udukoko dukaze ni nka ikirongwe,amasazi, n’inda. Ikirongwe nicyo kiboneka cyane kandi gitera cyane umuriro.
Uburyo butatu bwo kugenzura udukoko: Kugira aho ziba hasukuye. Kogesha amatungo amazi yica udukoko. Guhozaho umwotsi wirukana udukoko.
== Ikiraro cy’inka ==
Ikiraro ni ingenzi ku matungo n’uburyo bwo korora bwerekana ubwoko bazifashisha. Ubwoko bw’ibiraro burimo ibice bitatu hari aho bubaka hato hagatanga umusaruro mwinshi, aharinganiye n’ahanini ariko hatanga umusaruro muke.
Ubwoko bubiri bwambere busaba kubaka ikiraro gifite igisenge n’uruzitiro, mugihe ubwoko bwa gatatu budasaba ikiraro kubera ko ureka ubushyo buke bwakijyambere cyangwa ntabwo babureka bukarisha mu gisambu. Ikibitandukanya ni igihe amatungo amara ari hanze y’ikiraro.
Amafoto
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