Umugezi wa Congo

Umugezi wa Congo, ahahoze hitwa kandi ku mugezi wa Zayire, ni uruzi rwa kabiri rurerure muri Afurika, rugufi kuruta Nili, ndetse nu mugezi wa kabiri munini ku isi ukurikije ubwinshi bw’amazi, ukurikira Amazone gusa. Ninzuzi zimbitse ku isi, zifite uburebure bwa metero 219.5. [1] Gahunda ya Congo Lualaba ifite uburebure bwa kolometero 4,700, ituma iba umugezi wa cyenda muremure kwisi. Chambeshi ni uruzi rw'umugezi wa Lualaba, naho Lualaba ni izina ry'umugezi wa Congo hejuru y’isumo rya Boyoma, rikagera kuri kolometero 1,800. .

Upimiye hamwe na Lualaba, uruzi runini, uruzi rwa congo rufite uburebure bwa kilometero 4,370. Ninzuzi nini yonyine yambuka Ekwateri kabiri. [2] Ikibaya cya Kongo gifite ubuso bungana na 4,000,000 km , cyangwa 13% by'ubutaka bwose bwa Afurika.

Izina hindura

Izina Congo rikomoka mu Bwami bwa Kongo rimwe riherereye ku nkombe y'amajyepfo y'uruzi. Ubwami nabwo bwitiriwe abasangwabutaka Bantu Kongo, bazwi mu kinyejana cya 17 nka "Esikongo". Amajyepfo y'Ubwami bwa Kongo hakwiye gushyirwaho ubwami bwa Kakongo, bwavuzwe mu 1535. Abraham Ortelius yanditseho "Manicongo" nk'umujyi uri ku nkombe z'umugezi ku ikarita ye y'isi yo mu 1564. [3] Amazina yimiryango muri Kongo birashoboka ko yakomotse kumagambo yo guteranira hamwe cyangwa guterana kwimiryango. Izina rya kijyambere ryabaturage ba Kongo cyangwa Bakongo ryatangijwe mu ntangiriro yikinyejana cya 20. 

Ikibaya n'amasomo hindura

 
Ikirere kireba iburengerazuba bwumugezi wa congo hamwe hejuru ya kimwe cya kabiri cyaMalebo na Mbamu

Ikibaya cy'amazi cya congo gifite kilometero 4,014,500, [4] agace kanini kuruta Ubuhinde . Kongo isohoka mu kanwa kayo iri hagati ya 23,000 to 75,000 m , ugereranije ni 41,000 m . [4] Uruzi rutwara buri mwaka toni miliyoni 86 zubutaka bwahagaritswe mu nyanja ya Atalantika hamwe n’inyongera ya 6 ku ijana yuburiri . [5]

 
Ikibaya n'amazi yo mu ruzi rwa congo hamwe n'ibihugu byaranzwe
 
Ikibaya n'amazi yo mu ruzi rwa Congo hamwe na topografiya igicucu
Left tributary Right tributary Length (km) Basin size (km²) Average discharge (m3/s)
Lower Congo

(river mouth to Kinshasa)

M'pozo 170 79
Kwilu 284 6,500 89
Inkisi 392 13,500 291
Djoué 175 6,225 158
Middle Congo

(Kinshasa to the Boyoma Falls)

Nsele 193 4,500 77
Lufimi 250 11,500 199
Kasai 2,153 884,370 11,600
Léfini 14,000 423
Nkeni 8,000 249
Alima 500 21,030 700
Likouala 615 69,800 1,053
Sangha 1,395 191,953 2,471
Irebu 35 7,380 106
Ubangi 2,299 651,918 5,936
Ruki 1,200 173,790 4,500
Ikelemba 345 12,510 222
Lulonga 705 76,950 2,040
Mongala 590 52,200 709
Itimbiri 535 50,490 773
Aruwimi 1,287 116,100 2,200
Lomami 1,798 109,080 2,062
Lindi 600 60,300 1,200
Upper Congo

(Lualaba; upstream from the Boyoma Falls)

Maiko 319
Lilo 192
Ruiki 126
Lilo 93
Lowa 600 49,590 1,625
Ulindi 690 30,240 902
Kasuku 176
Ambe 68
Elila 670 27,360 678
Lueki 59
Lubutu 57
Kunda 41
Luama 320 25,000 221
Lukuga 350 271,580 271
Luvidjo 240 70
Luvua 373 265,260 600
Kalumen-

gongo

67
Lovoi 186
Lufira 590 51,480 502
Lubudi 370 27,500 192

Kongo yo hepfo (uruzi rwi nzuzi kugera Kinshasa ) Hasi ya Kinshasa, kuva kumugezi wa Banana, hari imigezi minini.

Hagati ya Kongo ( Kinshasa kugera ku Isumo rya Boyoma )

  • Kwa-Kassai (ibumoso)
    • Fimi
      • Lukenie
    • Kwango
      • Kwilu
    • Sankuru
  • Alima (iburyo)
  • Likouala - Mossaka (iburyo)
  • Sangha (iburyo)
    • Kadéï (570 km, 41.000 km², 466 m³ / s)
  • Ubangi (iburyo)
    • Mbomou
    • Uele
  • Tshuapa cyangwa Ruki (ibumoso)
  • Lulonga (ibumoso)
    • Lopori
    • Maringa
  • Mongala (iburyo)
  • Itimbiri (iburyo)
  • Aruwimi (iburyo)
  • Lomami (ibumoso)
  • Lindi (iburyo)

Akamaro k'ubukungu hindura

 
Umujyi wa Mbandaka ni icyambu kirimo abantu benshi ku nkombe z'umugezi wa Congo.
 
Umugezi wa Kongo i Maluku .
 
Intangiriro yisumo rya Livingstone (Lower Congo Rapids) hafi ya Kinshasa

Reba hindura

  1. Oberg, Kevin (July 2008). "Discharge and Other Hydraulic Measurements for Characterizing the Hydraulics of Lower Congo River, July 2008" (PDF). U.S. Geological Survey. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-10-15. Retrieved 2012-03-14.
  2. Forbath, Peter. The River Congo (1979), p. 6. "Not until it crosses the Equator will it at last turn away from this misleading course and, describing a remarkable counter-clockwise arc first to the west and then to the southwest, flow back across the Equator and on down to the Atlantic.
    In this the Congo is exceptional. No other major river in the world crosses the Equator even once, let alone twice."
  3. Manikongo was properly the title of the kings of Kongo; their capital was at the site of modern M'banza-Kongo, capital of Angola's northwestern Zaire Province. Ortelius had no knowledge of the orography of Africa and drew fictitious courses for its rivers; his Congo upstream of its estuary turns sharply south, flowing through what would correspond to Angola and Botswana.
  4. 4.0 4.1 . pp. 338–339. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  5. : 123968. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)

Inkomoko rusange hindura

  •  
  • Forbath, Peter (1979). The River Congo: The Discovery, Exploration and Exploitation of the World's Most Dramatic River. New York: E. P. Dutton,.  ISBN 0-525-47573-7.

Ihuza ryo hanze hindura