Ugutwi'

Ugutwi ni urugingo rushoboza kumva kandi, mubinyabuzima aribyo Mammals mundimi zamahanga zikoresha sisitemu ya vestibular . Mu nyamaswa z’inyamabere, ubusanzwe ugutwi gusobanurwa nkibice bitatu - ugutwi kwinyuma, ugutwi rwagati nugutwi kwimbere . Ugutwi kwinyuma kugizwe na pinna numuyoboro wamatwi . Kubera ko ugutwi kwinyuma nigice cyonyine kigaragara cyamatwi mu nyamaswa nyinshi, ijambo "ugutwi" akenshi ryerekeza ku gice cyo hanze cyonyine. Ugutwi rwagati kurimo tympanic cavity na ossicles eshatu. Ugutwi kw'imbere kwicara muri labyrint ya bony, kandi karimo ibyubaka urufunguzo rw'ibyumviro byinshi: imiyoboro ya semicircular, ituma habaho kuringaniza no gukurikirana ijisho iyo bigenda; utricle na saccule, ituma habaho kuringaniza iyo ihagaze; na cochlea, ifasha kumva. Amatwi yintegamubiri ashyizwe muburyo bumwe muburyo bwimpande zombi zumutwe, gahunda ifasha amajwi yumvikana .

ugutwi

Imiterere Yugutwi

Imiterere yugutwi

Ugutwi kwu muntu kugizwe n'ibice bitatu - ugutwi kw'inyuma, ugutwi hagati no gutwi imbere . Umuyoboro w ugutwi w ugutwi kwinyuma utandukanijwe numwuka wuzuye tympanic cavit yo mumatwi yo hagati na eardrum . Ugutwi rwagati kurimo amagufwa atatu mato - ossicles - yagize uruhare mu guhererekanya amajwi, kandi agahuzwa n'umuhogo kuri nasofarynx, binyuze mu gufungura umuyoboro wa Eustachian . Ugutwi kw'imbere kurimo ingingo za otolith - utricle na saccule - hamwe n'imiyoboro ya semicircular ya sisitemu ya sisitemu ya vestibular, hamwe na cochlea ya sisitemu yo kumva .

Ukogukora

Mugihe cya embryogenesis ugutwi gukura nkuburyo butatu butandukanye: ugutwi kwimbere, ugutwi rwagati nugutwi kwinyuma. Buri miterere ikomoka kumurongo wa mikorobe itandukanye: ectoderm, endoderm na mesenchyme .