Ugutwi'
Ugutwi ni urugingo rushoboza kumva kandi, mubinyabuzima aribyo Mammals mundimi zamahanga zikoresha sisitemu ya vestibular . Mu nyamaswa z’inyamabere, ubusanzwe ugutwi gusobanurwa nkibice bitatu - ugutwi kwinyuma, ugutwi rwagati nugutwi kwimbere . Ugutwi kwinyuma kugizwe na pinna numuyoboro wamatwi . Kubera ko ugutwi kwinyuma nigice cyonyine kigaragara cyamatwi mu nyamaswa nyinshi, ijambo "ugutwi" akenshi ryerekeza ku gice cyo hanze cyonyine. [1] Ugutwi rwagati kurimo tympanic cavity na ossicles eshatu. Ugutwi kw'imbere kwicara muri labyrint ya bony, kandi karimo ibyubaka urufunguzo rw'ibyumviro byinshi: imiyoboro ya semicircular, ituma habaho kuringaniza no gukurikirana ijisho iyo bigenda; utricle na saccule, ituma habaho kuringaniza iyo ihagaze; na cochlea, ifasha kumva. Amatwi yintegamubiri ashyizwe muburyo bumwe muburyo bwimpande zombi zumutwe, gahunda ifasha amajwi yumvikana .
Imiterere Yugutwi
hinduraUgutwi kwu muntu kugizwe n'ibice bitatu - ugutwi kw'inyuma, ugutwi hagati no gutwi imbere . [2] Umuyoboro w ugutwi w ugutwi kwinyuma utandukanijwe numwuka wuzuye tympanic cavit yo mumatwi yo hagati na eardrum . Ugutwi rwagati kurimo amagufwa atatu mato - ossicles - yagize uruhare mu guhererekanya amajwi, kandi agahuzwa n'umuhogo kuri nasofarynx, binyuze mu gufungura umuyoboro wa Eustachian . Ugutwi kw'imbere kurimo ingingo za otolith - utricle na saccule - hamwe n'imiyoboro ya semicircular ya sisitemu ya sisitemu ya vestibular, hamwe na cochlea ya sisitemu yo kumva . [2]
Ukogukora
hinduraMugihe cya embryogenesis ugutwi gukura nkuburyo butatu butandukanye: ugutwi kwimbere, ugutwi rwagati nugutwi kwinyuma. [3] Buri miterere ikomoka kumurongo wa mikorobe itandukanye: ectoderm, endoderm na mesenchyme . [4]
Referances
hindura- ↑ "Ear". Oxford Dictionary. Archived from the original on 18 July 2012. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 https://books.google.com/books?id=kvhkPQAACAAJ
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith_L._Moore
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith_L._Moore