Ubuhinzi bw'ibishyimbo
Igishyimbo gikomoka mu turere two muri Amerika dushyuha, ni ikinyamisogwe gihingwa cyane kubera agaciro kanini gihabwa n’ubwinshi bw’ibyubaka umubiri gikungahayeho.
Igishyimbo[1] hindura
Gusarura hindura
Ibishyimbo bisarurwa bimaze amezi abiri n’igice kugeza kuri atatu (ibishyimbo bigufi) bihinzwe, n’amezi atatu kugeza kuri atanu (imishingiriro) bitewe n’akarere n’ imbuto.
Bisarurwa mu buryo bukurikira : hindura
Imishingiriro, imiteja (imitanyu) yumye barayihura bakayishyira mu mifuka cyangwa mu bitebo bakayijyana mu rugo aho byongera kwanikwa bihagije.
Icyitonderwa hindura
Muri iki gikorwa ni ngombwa kugenzura ko imiteja yose yavanywe ku bi# (ibitsinsi) byayo kugira ngo hatagira igisigara mu murima.
Ibishyimbo bigufi bisarurwa hakoreshejwe amaboko, baranduza cyangwa bakata igiti cy’igishyimbo, hanyuma bakareka kikuma mbere y’uko gihurwa (hifashishijwe uburyo bw’amaboko cyangwa imashini zabugenewe mu gusarura no guhura imyaka).
Gusarura n’amaboko hindura
Gusarura ibishyimbo n’amaboko, urabirandura ukabyanika ku zuba.
Iryo sarurwa rikorwa mu gitondo kare, kuko ubuhehere bwa nijoro butuma imitanyu itiyasa ngo intete zitakare.
Mu bihugu bimwe,mbere yo gusarura ibishyimbo babanza kubitera umu#. Uko kubitera umu bikorwa hagamijwe kubyumisha vuba bityo bigatuma uburumbarare bwabyo bugabanuka bikanihu#sha igikorwa cyo kubihura.
Gusarura ukoresheje amamashini hindura
Gusarura ibishyimbo hakoreshejwe amamashini biboneka cyane mu bihugu byateye imbere, bikorwa cyane cyane hakoreshwa imashini kabuhariwe zisarura zigahita zinahura ingano baba bahinduyeho gato. Izo mashini zifite ubushobozi bwo gusarura hegitari imwemu gihe cy’isaha (0.9-1.1 h/ha). Zimwe mu ngorane zigira ni uko zikenera gukorera mu mirima minini cyane, irambuye,itarimo ibyatsi, ihinzemo ibishyimbo bigufi bishinguye kandi byereye rimwe neza.
Nyuma yo guhurwa, usanga ibishyimbo bibonetse birimo imyandamyinshi n’ubuhehere bugera kuri 20%.Mbere yo kubihunika, ni ngombwa kugabanya iyo myanda n’ubwo buhehere (taux d’humidité), wanika ku buryo busanzwe cyangwa ukoresheje imashini kugeza nibura ku gipimo cya14% cy’ubuhehere. Abacuruzi bakunda kubihunika mumifuka muri za hangar zagenewe guhunika. Ubusanzwe, ibishyimbo iyo bimaze gusarurwa biragurishwa ibindi bikabikwa.
Gutwara umusaruro hindura
Imitanyu yashyizwe mu mifuka cyangwa mu bitebo yikorerwa ku mutwe cyangwa ku binyabiziga ikagezwa mu rugo cyangwa ahandi hateguwe. Na none kimwe n’imitanyu, ibitsinsi by’ibishyimbo byaranduwe cyangwa byatemwe birahambirwa bikikorerwa bikajyanwa kwanikwa mu rugo cyangwa ahandi habigenewe.[2]
Icyitonderwa hindura
Muri iki gikorwa hakunze kuboneka igihombo cy’umusaruro gituruka ku inyanyagira ry’umusaruro mu nzira no mu gihe cyose uvanwa ahantu hamwe ujyanwa ahandi.
Kumisha umusaruro w’ibishyimbo hindura
Kumisha umusaruro w’ibishyimbo bikorwa mu birundo: nyuma yo kubirandura, babishyira ku zuba mu murima babihambiriyemo uturundo duto duto.
Guhura no kwanika hindura
Guhura ibishyimbo bikorwa n’amaboko babikubita ibibando ku mbuga ikomeye kandi isukuye.
Kwanika bikorwa basanza ibishyimbo ku mbuga yabugenewe, aho biba biri ku mbuga mu muyaga n’izuba bikahamara iminsi 10 kugeza kuri 15.[3]