Inkoni yera
INKONI YERA
white cane cyangwa Inkoni yera ni igikoresho gikoreshwa na bantu benshi bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona . Inkoni yera yemerera cyane uyikoresha gusikana nta nzitizi cyangwa icyerekezo, ariko kandi ifasha abayireba mukumenya uyikoresha ko ari impumyi cyangwa ubumuga bwo kutabona no gufata neza. Icya nyuma ni impamvu yibara ryera ry'ibiti.
Ibihinduka
hinduraIyi koni ikorwa muri aluminiyumu, plastike ikomezwa na grafitike cyangwa izindi plastiki zishimangirwa na fibure, kandi ishobora gukorwa bitewe ni nama zitandukanye bitewe n'ibyifuzo byabayikoresha.
Inkoni yera irashobora kuba ivunaguye cyangwa igororotse, hamwe na verisiyo zombi zifite ibyiza n'ibibi. Ihuriro ry’igihugu ry’abatabona muri Amerika ryemeza ko urumuri n’uburebure bw’imigozi igororotse bituma abantu bagenda neza n’umutekano, nubwo imigozi ishobora kugwa ishobora kubikwa mu buryo bworoshye, bikabaha inyungu ahantu huzuye abantu nko mu byumba by’ishuri ndetse n’ibikorwa rusange. [1]
Amateka
hindura
Impumyi zakoresheje inkoni nkibikoresho by'imuka mu binyejana byinshi. [2]
Muri 1921, James Biggs, umufotozi ukomoka i Bristol wabaye impumyi nyuma y'impanuka, akaba atishimiye ubwinshi bw'imodoka yazengurukaga iwe, yashushanyije inkoni ye yagendaga yera kugirango igaragare muburyo byoroshye. [3]
Amategeko yerekeye inkoni
hindura
Mu Bwongereza, inkoni yera yerekana ko umuntu afite ubumuga bwo kutabona ariko yumva bisanzwe nk'abandi bantu; byerekana ko uyikoresha ari igipfamatwi.[4]
Muri Reta zunzubumwe za Amerika, amategeko aratandukanye bitewe na leta zitandukanye, ariko mu bihe byose, abatwara inkoni yera bahabwa uburenganzira bwo mu nzira iyo bambutse umuhanda. Bahawe uburenganzira bwo gukoresha inkoni yera, ahantu hose hahurira abantu benshi. Rimwe na rimwe, birabujijwe ko umuntu utari impumyi akoresha inkoni yera agamije guhabwa uburenganzira. [5] [6]
Abana
hinduraMu bihugu byinshi, harimo n’Ubwongereza, inkoni yera ntabwo isanzwe imenyeshwa umwana kugeza bafite hagati y'imyaka 7 na 10. Ariko, vuba aha inkoni zatangiye kwinjizwa mu gihe umwana yiga kugenda kugirango afashwe mu iterambere. [7] [8]
Reba kandi
hindura- GPS kubafite ubumuga bwo kutabona
- Amashanyarazi
- Kuyobora imbwa
- Kuyobora ifarashi
- Inkoni ifasha
- Hoople (infashanyo yimodoka)
Reba
hindura- ↑ Code of Federal Regulations: 1985-1999
- ↑ Kelley, Pat (1999). "Historical Development of Orientation and Mobility as a Profession". OrientationAndMobility.org. Archived from the original on 5 February 2012. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
- ↑ 'Mobility of Visually Impaired People: Fundamentals and ICT Assistive Technologies (ISBN 978-3-319-54444-1) p. 363
- ↑ "The Cane Explained". RNIB. Archived from the original on 2020-12-14. Retrieved 2024-01-22.
- ↑ "National Association of Guide Dog Users". 2004-06-24. Archived from the original on 2004-06-24. Retrieved 2021-10-21.
- ↑ "White Cane Laws for States | American Council of the Blind". acb.org. Retrieved 2021-10-21.
- ↑ "Archive copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2024-01-22.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)Inyandikorugero:Page needed - ↑ "Common Sense - Home". Archived from the original on 2012-05-02. Retrieved 2019-07-20.
Ihuza ryo hanze
hindura