Gufotora ibicu

Ifoto ya Cloudscape nifoto yibicu cyangwa ikirere.

Ibicu by'amabara

Umufotozi wambere w'ikirere, umufotozi wumubiligi Léonard Misonne (1870–1943), yamenyekanye ku mafoto ye y'umukara n'umweru y'ikirere n'igicu cy'ijimye.

Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20 rwagati, umufotozi w'umunyamerika Alfred Stieglitz (1864–1946) yakoze urukurikirane rw'amafoto y'ibicu, byiswe "ibingana" (1925–1931). Dukurikije inyandiko yanditse kur uhererekane ku rubuga rwa Phillips Collection, "Ubwiza bw'ikigereranyo bushingiye kuri aya mashusho, bwarushijeho kuba ibintu bidahuje n'ibyamubayeho, ibitekerezo, n'amarangamutima". Vuba aha, abafotora nka Ralph Steiner, Robert Davies na Tzeli Hadjidimitriou bazwiho gukora amashusho nkaya.

Ingero

• 
  amafoto yerekana igicu cya Chandigarh
• 
  Ifoto ya Cloudscape yafatiwe mu majyepfo yUbuhinde
• 
  Igicu cyafashwe kumushinga wa Clouds 365 i Frisco, Texas, Amerika.

Reba kandi

• Ubuhanzi bwo mu kirere
• Sosiyete ishima ibicu
• Igicu (ubuhanzi)
• Ahantu nyaburanga

Inkomoko n'ibisomwa

• Davies, Robert; Christopher Bucklow; "Ibicu"; Lissabon (Porutugali). Arquivo Fotográfico Munini. (Lisboa, Porutugali : Umujyi wa Câmara, Cultura: Arquivo fotográfico, 1997)  [Imitwe y'isi ya Worldcat irimo "Davies, Robert" na "Gufotora ibicu"]
• Steiner, Ralph. Ishuri Rikuru rya Smith . "Gukurikirana ibicu : amashusho n'imvugo "; Inzu Ndangamurage. ( Albuquerque, NM : Yatanzwe n'Itangazamakuru rya kaminuza ya New Mexico, © 1985)  [Gufotora ibicu]
• Hadjidimitriou, Tzeli. Igihe kigabanuka mubicu | O χρόνος χάθηκε στα σύννεφα. Inyandiko ziva: N. Vatopoulos, N. Chronas, Tz. Hadjidimitriou, Metaichmio, 2003,