Banki ni ikigo cyimari cyemera kubika ibivuye m'ubaturage, kandi nanone kigatanga inguzanyo isabwa mugihe kimwe. [1] Ibikorwa byo gutanga inguzanyo birashobora gukorwa na banki cyangwa mu buryo butaziguye binyuze ku isoko ry’imari n'imigabane.

Iyi shusho mu kinyejana cya 15, yerekana abacuruza ayo mafaranga kuri banki (intebe) mu gihe cyo kweza urusengero.
BPR na GT bank nizimwe muri Banki zikorere mu Rwanda
gtbank rwanda

Niyo mpamvu amabanki agira uruhare runini mu ihungabana ry’imari n’ubukungu bw’igihugu, inkiko nyinshi zifite amategeko menshi agenga amabanki. Ibihugu byinshi byashyizeho uburyo buzwi na banki ziciriritse, aho banki zifite umutungo utimukanwa uhwanye n'igice gusa cy'inshingano zabo. Usibye andi wwenda mabwiriza agamije kwemeza neza, amabanki muri rusange asabwa byibuze amafaranga asabwa ashingiye ku rwego mpuzamahanga rw’imari shingiro, Amasezerano ya Basel .

Amabanki mu buryo bugezweho yahindutse mu kinyejana cya cumi na kane mu mijyi yateye imbere ya Renaissance m'Ubutaliyani ariko mu buryo bwinshi yakoraga nk'ikomeza ry'ibitekerezo by'inguzanyo no kuguriza byari bifite inkomoko mu isi ya kera . Mu mateka ya banki, ingoma zitari nke za banki – cyane twavuga nka Medicis, Fuggers, Welsers, Berenbergs, na Rothschilds – bagize uruhare runini mu binyejana byinshi. Banki ya kera cyane yo gucuruza ni Banki ya Monte dei Paschi di Siena (yashinzwe muri 1472), naho banki y'abacuruzi ya kera cyane ni Banki ya Berenberg (yashinzwe muri 1590).

Amateka

hindura

Hagati

hindura

Ibihe by'amabanki bishobora kuba kuva mu gihe cyo hagati na banki Renaissance yo mu Butaliyani, mu mijyi ikize yo hagati hamwe mu majyaruguru nka Florence, Lucca, Siena, Venice na Genoa . Imiryango ya Bardi na Peruzzi yiganjemo amabanki mu kinyejana cya 14nka Florence, ishinga amashami mu bindi bice byinshi by’Uburayi. [2] Giovanni di Bicci de 'Medici yashyizeho imwe mu mabanki azwi cyane yo mu Butaliyani, nka Banki ya Medici, muri 1397. [3] Repubulika ya Genoa yashinze banki ya Leta izwi cyane yo kubitsa, Banco di San Giorgio (Banki ya Mutagatifu George), mu 1407 i Genoa, mu Butaliyani.

Banki Ziri mu Rwanda

hindura

MU Rwanda hari banki nyinshi , ibigo by'imari iciriritse, ariko ibyo ibyo byose bihagarariwe na banki nkuru y'u Rwanda , ariyo ishyiraho amabwiriza n'amategeko.

  1. Compare: "Bank of England". Rulebook Glossary. 1 January 2014. Archived from the original on 13 July 2018. Retrieved 20 July 2020. bank means:
    (1) a firm with a Part 4A Permission to carry on the regulated activity of accepting deposits and is a credit institution, but is not a credit union, friendly society or a building society; or
    (2) an EEA bank.
  2. Hoggson, N. F. (1926) Banking Through the Ages, New York, Dodd, Mead & Company.
  3. Goldthwaite, R. A. (1995) Banks, Places and Entrepreneurs in Renaissance Florence, Aldershot, Hampshire, Great Britain, Variorum