Umuco Nyarwanda ugizwe n'ibintu byinshi. Mu buryo butandukanye n’ibindi bihugu byinshi byo muri Afurika, u Rwanda ni igihugu cyunze ubumwe kuva mu bihe bya mbere y’ubukoloni, gituwe n’abaturage b'Abanyarwanda basangiye ururimi rumwe rw'Ikinyarwanda n’umurage ndangamuco. [1] Mu Rwanda hizihizwa Iminsi mikuru inyuranye izwi buri mwaka ndetse n'indi rimwe na rimwe leta yinjizamo.

Ikibindi cyirimo inzoga
Ingoma

Guhera ku wa 07 Mata kugeza ku wa 14 Mata buri mwaka ni Icyumweru cy'icyunamo cyo Kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Ku wa Gatandatu wa nyuma wa buri kwezi ho haba Umuganda rusange mu Gihugu hose. Uwo munsi wibanda ku bikorwa bigamije iterambere n'imibereho y'abaturage muri rusange kandi serivisi nyinshi zisanzwe zikora zirahagarika.

Umuziki n'imbyino hindura

 
Ababyinnyi gakondo b'abanyarwanda b'Intore
 
Imbyino gakondo mu Rwanda

Umuziki n'imbyino ni ibice bikomeye bigize imihango y'u Rwanda, iminsi mikuru, guhurira hamwe, hamwe no kubara inkuru. Imbyino gakondo izwi cyane ni Intore, umwiyereko uzwi cyane ugizwe n'ibice bitatu

-Itorero, ribyinwamo abagore; imbyino y'intwari, ikorwa n'abagabo n'ingoma. Ubusanzwe, umuziki uhererekanywa hagati y'abantu mu buryo nyamvugo. Ingoma ni ingirakamaro cyane, abakaraza b'i Bwami babaga bafite agaciro gakomeye mu rugo rw'Umwami. Mu busanzwe, abakaraza bavuza ingoma bari mu matsinda agizwe n'abantu bari hagati ya barindwi n'umunani.


Uruganda rw'umuziki mu Rwanda rurakura cyane muri iki gihe, rufatiye ku njyana zo muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba, iz'abakongomani ndetse n'izo muri Amerika. Injyana zizwi cyane ni hip-hop, R&B ndetse rimwe na rimwe ragga na dance-pop. Abahanzi bazwi cyane bo mu Rwanda barimo : The Ben, Meddy, bombi bagiye babona ibihembo binyuranye, n'abandi benshi nka Miss Shanel, Kitoko, Riderman, Tom Close, King James, Mani Martin, Knowless, na Charly na Nina.

Igikoni hindura

 
Inzoga zanywebwaga mu gicuma cyangwa ikibindi nk'iki mu mihango n'ibirori.

Ibiryo byo mu Rwanda bishingiye ku biribwa by’ibanze bikomoka ku buhinzi gakondo. Mu mateka, ibijyanye n'imirire bigenda bihinduka bitewe n'ubwoko butandukanye bw'abantu. Amfunguro yo mu Rwanda usanga akenshi arimo imineke,ibitoki,amashaza, ibijumba, ibishyimbo, n'imyumbati. Abanyarwanda benshi barya inyama inshuro zitari nyinshi mu kwezi. Ku batuye hafi y'ibiyaga kandi bafite uko babona amafi, bakunze kurya iyitwa tilapiya.

Ibirayi, bikekwa ko byinjijwe mu Rwanda n’abakoloni b’Abadage n’Ababiligi, ubu na byo birakunzwe cyane. Ubugari busonze mu myumbati cyangwa ibigori na bwo bukunze kuribwa cyane kimwe no bice bya Afurika y'Iburasirazuba. Isombe isekuye iva mu mababi y'imyumbati ikaranze ikunze kugaburwa hamwe n'amafi yumutse

Ifunguro rya saa sita ni imvange igizwe nibintu byavuzwe haruguru bishobora kwiyongeraho inyama. Burusheti y'ihene, inka, inyama z'ingurube cyangwa amafi, ni byo bikunze kuribwa abantu batembereye. Mu cyaro, utubari twinshi tugira umucuruzi wa burusheti uba waguze ihene, akayibaga kandi akayotsa. Izo nyama azigaburana n'ibitoki bikaranze.

Amata, cyane cyane ikivuguto, akunze kunyobwa mu gihugu cyose. Ibindi binyobwa birimo inzoga gakondo yitwa urwagwa yenze mu bitoki n'ikigage cyo mu masaka, igaragara mu mihango n'ibirori gakondo. Inzoga zicuruzwa mu Rwanda zirimo Primus, Mützig, na Amstel.

Ubuhanzi n'ubukorikori hindura

Ibikorwa by'Ubukorikori gakondo byagaragaraga mu gihugu hose, nubwo ibyinshi byifashishwaga mu mirimo inyuranye kuruta uko byari umuteguro.Ibitebo n'imbehe ni bimwe mu byari rusange mu Rwanda.

Amajyepfo ashyira iburasirazuba bw'u Rwanda azwiho imigongo, ubuhanzi budasanzwe bufitanye isano n'inka aho iyo migongo ikorwa mu mase yazo; amateka avuga ko iyi migongo yadutse igihe Gisaka yari ikiri ubwami bwigenga. Amase avanze n'ubutaka karemano bw'amabara atandukanye kandi asize mu tuntu dusa n'imisozi ishushanyije, bikora ishusho nziza.

Ubundi buhanzei n'ubukorikori burimo ububumbyi, gushushanya no kubaza ibiti bikorwa ahanini n’abanyeshuri biga iby'ubuhanzi n'ubugeni bo mu Ishuri ry'Ubugeni ryo ku Nyundo, ishuri rukumbi ryabayeho mu Rwanda kuva mu 1959 kugeza na n'ubu. Gusa muri iyi minsi hari andi mashuri agenda ashingwa agamije guteza imbere ubuhanzi bw'iyumvabona.

Amazu hindura

Hirya no hino ubona amazu ateye imbere atari yaba menshi cyane kandi n'igiciro ubwacyo cy'inzu usanga kiri hejuru ugereranyije n'ubushobozi bw'abaturage. Abanshi mu bari mu migi usanga birwanaho ngo babone aho batura kuko hatari hajyaho uburyo buhamye bwo kubonera abantu bose amazu yo kubamo.

Kugeza ubu, abatuye muri Kigali bihariye kimwe cya kabiri cy'abatuye mu mijyi muri rusange mu Rwanda. Ubushakashatsi ku isoko ry'amazu muri Kigali (2012-22) buvuga ko ugereranyije hakenewe muri rusange amazu 458,256, harimo amashya 344,068 akwiye kubakwa. Ibi bivuze ko hakenewe:

-Amazu 43.436 yagenewe ibikorwa by'imibereho rusange (12,6%); -Amazu 186.163 ahendutse (54.1%); -Amazu 112.867 aciriritse (32.8%); -Amazu meza 1.601 ahwanye na (0.5%) muri Kigali honyine.

Mu gihugu hose, nta bushakashatsi bwari bwakorwa ariko burimo gutegurwa. Ariko biteganyijwe ko hashobora kuba ubwikube kabiri bw'uburyo bihagaze muri Kigali.

Ibyagezweho ubu byerekana ko hari ukwivugurura mu bijyanye n'igenamigambi, gukoresha ibikorerwa imbere mu gihugu cyane cyane ibikoresho bikenerwa mu bwubatsi, uburenganzira bungana kuri buri wese. Bimwe mu byatumye kandi bigerwaho birimo: Kumenyekanisha ibikorwa, gukora inyigo, kugerageza imishinga imwe n'imwe ijyanye n'imiturire.

Guteza imbere igenamigambi ry'imiturire n'imishinga igamije gutunganya imijyi bikomeje gushyirwamo ingufu kandi bizatuma hirindwa ihuzagurika mu gucunga imishinga y'iterambere n'igenamigambi rinozwe.

N'ubwo hari imbogamizi zikiriho mu bijyanye n’amafaranga agenewe imiturire, uburyo bwo gutanga inguzanyo bwateye imbere binyuze mu gushyiraho inguzanyo z'igihe kirekire, kugabanya gato inyungu, uburyo bunyuranye kandi bworoshye mu bijyanye no kwishyura mbere, no kunoza Politiki yimiturire y'igihugu.

Guteza imbere imiturire hindura

Guverinoma yihaye intego kongera urwego rujyanye n'ubufatanye n’iterambere ry’imiturire hagamijwe iterambere rirambye. Htangiye kandi gahunda yo kubaka inzu nshya zigezweho.

Kwikorera ibikoresho bikenerwa mu bwubatsi ni bimwe mu ngamba za leta, aha harimo nko gukora sima, amatafari atangiza ibidukikije, kwihaza mu bintu bitandukanye n'ibindi.

Mu Rwanda, Inzego zishinzwe imiturire n’ubwutatsi zikomeje kwiyubaka.

Ubuvanganzo na firime hindura

U Rwanda ntirufite amateka maremare ajyanye n'Ubuvanganzo bwanditse, ariko hari ubuvangazo nyemvugo bikomeye bishingiye ku busizi. Mu buryo bwihariye mbere y'Ubukoloni, U Rwanda rwateje imbere Ibitekerezo (ubusizi n'umuziki gakondo), Ubucurabwenge (ibisekuruza by'abami bikunze kuvugwa mu mihango y'iyimikwa), Ibisigo (Ibisigo by'i Bwami). Ubundi indangagaciro n'ibindi bijyanye n'amateka byagiye hirerekanywa uko ibihe bigenda bisimburana. Umuntu uzwi cyane nk'umwanditsi w'amateka mu Rwanda ni Alexis Kagame (1912 – 1981), wakoze kandi atangaza ubushakashatsi ku muco gakondo ndetse no kwandika imivugo ye.

Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda yatumye haboneka ibitabo by’inkuru z’abatangabuhamya, inyandiko n’ibitekerezo byanditswe n’igisekuru gishya cy’abanditsi nka Benjamin Sehene . Hakozwe amafilime atari make yerekeranye na jenoside, harimo nka Golden Globe yiswe Hotel Rwanda na Shooting Dogs.

Reba kandi hindura

Inyandiko hindura

  1. Prunier (1995), p. 15