Inganda 6 zambere zo gushoramo imari muri Afrika
Afurika ni rimwe mu masoko azamuka cyane. Ubukungu bw'inganda na demokarasi bwarazamutse mu Ibihugu nka Nijeriya, Angola, na Afurika y'Epfo birahura n'iterambere ritangaje mu bijyanye n'amafaranga yinjira mu bukungu mu gihe akora muri izo nganda n'imirenge. Ubuhinzi, itumanaho, amabanki, ibikorwa remezo, na peteroli na gaze ni zimwe mu nzego ziyongera cyane.[1][2][3]
iterambere rya Afurika rirashimishije, riratandukanye mubihugu no mumirenge. Muri iyi blog, hasuzumwa ibishoboka mu nganda nke. Abanyafurika bagera kuri miliyoni 200 binjiye mu rwego rw'amabanki n'itumanaho. Rero, byongereye cyane igipimo cyo gukura.
Afurika ifite kimwe cya kane cyubutaka bwahinzwe kwisi. Kandi ibyo sibyo byose. Ibihugu 11 by'Afurika biza mu masoko icumi ya mbere byibuze umutungo umwe. Abahanga bavuga ko amahirwe yo gushora imari muri Afurika rero, atanga icyizere.
Kubera ko ubukungu bwa Afurika bwateye imbere ku muvuduko ukabije, habaye impinduka zikomeye ziva mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro n'ubuhinzi zijya mu zindi nganda nk'ibicuruzwa byinshi, ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa, ubukerarugendo, n'itumanaho. Umugabane watangiye kuva mu bukungu gakondo ujya mu bukungu bushingiye ku bumenyi, aho ikoranabuhanga rya sisitemu, eCommerce, amabanki, n’izindi serivisi bizagira uruhare runini mu gihe kiri imbere.
Urwego rwa banki n’imari hindura
Urwego rw'amabanki rwabonye iterambere ryihuse muri iyi myaka mike. Yahindutse kuba itara ryiburengerazuba rijya mu gihagararo cyashyizweho, kigira uruhare runini mu bukungu bwa Afurika bwaguka. Urwego rwa banki n’imari rwabaye isoko yingenzi yakazi kubanyafurika nubucuruzi bwubwoko bwose. Ku bashoramari b'abanyamahanga, uru rwego rutanga amahirwe atanga icyizere.[4]
UrwegoItumanaho n'amakuru & Ikoranabuhanga (I.T.) hindura
Uru rwego rwabonye impinduka zikomeye zitera Afurika kubona ubukungu bushya. Inganda zitumanaho n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho zimaze guhatanwa cyane, bituma habaho ibidukikije aho ibyiza gusa bibaho. Kuri uyu mugabane hari abafatabuguzi ba terefone barenga miliyoni 400. Kubera iyo mpamvu, byatumye bishoboka ko abacuruzi bo kumurongo batera imbere kandi bakitwara neza muri niche yabo. Hamwe n’ibisabwa bigenda byiyongera mu rwego rwitumanaho, amafaranga nayo arimo kuyashyiramo.
Inganda zitwara abantu n'ibikoresho hindura
Mu myaka yashize, guverinoma nyafurika yashora imari mu bikorwa remezo byo gutwara abantu bigezweho kandi byuzuye. Inyinshi muri izo mbaraga zatewe inkunga zigamije gushimangira iterambere ry’ubukungu ryagutse. Hamwe nigihugu cyambere gitanga ibikoresho nka Transnet, Spoornet, Portnet, AutoNet, nibindi byinshi, umugabane utanga serivisi zitangwa nabakinnyi bakomeye. Kurugero, South African Airways (SAA), leta itwara indege yigihugu ya leta, itanga serivisi zo gutwara abantu no kohereza ibicuruzwa ahantu hasaga 700 kwisi. Nubwo SAA na Transnet biganje mu nganda, muri Afurika hari amahirwe menshi y’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga ndetse n’ibanze. Byongeye kandi, isoko irashobora korohereza abandi bashoramari bose baboneka kandi bashimishijwe.
Inganda zicukura amabuye y'agaciro hindura
Inganda z’amabuye y'agaciro zahagaze mu gihe gito mu 2015. Ubushobozi budakoreshwa muri uru rwego bwagiye butandukana na gahunda za leta zo kuzamura umusanzu wa GDP kugera kuri 30% mu myaka 15 iri imbere. Muri Afurika, Gabon n’umwanya wa kane ku isi mu gukora manganese ku isi, ikaba ifite ububiko bwa toni miliyoni 150 n’umusaruro wa toni miliyoni 1.8 mu 2015. Iki gihugu gifite toni zirenga miliyari 2 z’amabuye y’icyuma, toni zirenga 40 z’ibigega bya zahabu byagaragaye, hamwe nubutaka butandukanye bwamabuye y'agaciro nka gurş, zinc, umuringa, diyama, niobium, na titanium. Rero, itanga amahirwe yo gushora imari kubashoramari bo hanze. Haguruka IIP parike yinganda zinyuranye (GSEZ) itanga urubuga-rwerekana ejo hazaza mubukungu bwapiganwa cyane hamwe nabaturage bangana.
Ubuhinzi n’inganda zitunganya ubuhinzi hindura
Muri Afurika, ubuhinzi bwakomeje kuba urwego ruyoboye imyaka mirongo. Yaba ibikorwa byubukungu bijyanye n'ubuhinzi cyangwa isoko ry'ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku buhinzi, amahirwe yo gushora ni menshi. Byombi ubuhinzi rusange n’inganda zitunganya ubuhinzi bifite imbaraga zidasanzwe zo gukura kandi domaine zombi zigira ingaruka ku buryo bugaragara. Benin, nk'urugero, ni rwo rutanga umusaruro mwinshi w'ibihingwa ngandurarugo kugira ngo ubukungu bwa Afurika bugabanuke. GDIZ ya Arise IIP itanga urubuga rushya rwinganda kubashoramari bo mumahanga binyuze mubufatanye bwa leta n'abikorera hagati ya Repubulika ya Bénin na Arise IIP.
Inganda zita ku buzima hindura
Inzego zita ku buzima n’ubuvuzi ziteganijwe kuba zifite agaciro ka miliyari 3 z'amadolari, mu gihe imiti igezweho / imiti yatanzwe ishobora kuba ifite agaciro ka miliyari 1.7. Kugeza ubu, imiti irenga kuri konti ifite agaciro ka miliyoni 378 z'amadolari.
Umubare w’ibigo bikorerwamo ibya farumasi byiyongera bitanga imiti rusange, ayo masosiyete arashobora kubona ishoramari mu gihugu. N'ubundi kandi, 85% by'abatuye Afurika bashingira kuri serivisi z'ubuzima rusange. Rero, urashobora kwibwira ko abaturage bishimiye kwiyandikisha muri gahunda yubwishingizi bwubuzima bwigihugu kugirango babone imiti ihendutse nubuvuzi.
Umwanzuro hindura
Mugihe inzego nka banki n’imari zikomeje kuba ingenzi mu iterambere ry’ubukungu bwa Afurika, ibyiciro bishya nka I.T. n'itumanaho bigenda bigira uruhare runini muri Afurika. Uretse ibyo, icyorezo cyongeye gushimangira ko ari ngombwa kuvugurura ubuvuzi n’ibikoresho, amahirwe yo gukura ni ntarengwa. Bamwe mubandi bakinnyi bakora muri Afrika harimo urwego rwimitungo itimukanwa, inganda zerekana imideli, inganda z’imodoka, n’inganda z’ubwishingizi. Noneho, niba uri umushoramari uzi ubwenge, ni amahirwe yawe ya zahabu yo kubona amahirwe munganda ziterambere rya Afrika byihuse.