Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi ku mugabane w' Afurika

Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi y’ubucuruzi ku mugabane wa Afurika (CFTA) yashyizweho umukono mu 2018 n’ibihugu 44 bya Afurika afite intego ndende ndende zo kurushaho kwishyira hamwe hagati y’ibihugu bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika no kubaka Afurika itera imbere kandi yunze ubumwe. Mu ntego nyamukuru za CFTA (mu icyongereza; AFRICAN CONTINENTAL FREE TRADE AREA) harimo korohereza, guhuza no guhuza neza uburyo bw’ubucuruzi kimwe no gukuraho ibibazo bifitanye isano n’amasezerano y’ubucuruzi menshi kandi arenga ku mugabane wa Afurika. Binyuze muri aya masezerano, ubukungu bw’Afurika bwizeye gushimangira guhangana n’inganda zaho, kumenya ubukungu bw’ibipimo ku bicuruzwa bikomoka mu gihugu, gutanga neza umutungo no gukurura ishoramari ritaziguye.

Intego za CFTA

• Gushiraho isoko rimwe ry'umugabane k'ubicuruzwa na serivisi, hamwe no kwemerera abashoramari kwambukiranya umupaka ku buntu, bityo bigatanga inzira yo kwihutisha ishyirwaho ry’umuryango w’imigabane ya gasutamo n’ubumwe bwa gasutamo nyafurika;
• Kwagura ubucuruzi bw’imbere muri Afurika binyuze mu guhuza neza no guhuza ibikorwa byo kwishyira ukizana mu bucuruzi n’uburyo bworohereza ibikoresho n’ibikoresho muri REC ndetse no muri Afurika muri rusange.
• Gukemura ibibazo byabanyamuryango benshi kandi barenze kandi wihutishe inzira zo guhuza uturere nu mugabane.
• Enhance competitiveness at the industry and enterprise level through exploiting opportunities for scale production, continental market access and better reallocation of resources.

Amavu n'amavuko

Inama ya 18 isanzwe y’Inteko y’abakuru b’ibihugu na guverinoma y’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika Yunze ubumwe, yabereye Addis Abeba, muri Etiyopiya muri Mutarama 2012, yemeje icyemezo cyo gushyiraho akarere k’ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi ku mugabane wa Afurika (CFTA) ku itariki yerekana 2017. Inama yemeje kandi gahunda y'ibikorwa byo kuzamura ubucuruzi hagati ya Afurika (BIAT) igaragaza amatsinda arindwi: politiki y’ubucuruzi, korohereza ubucuruzi, ubushobozi butanga umusaruro, ibikorwa remezo bijyanye n’ubucuruzi, imari y’ubucuruzi, amakuru y’ubucuruzi, no guhuza isoko. CFTA izahuza ibihugu mirongo itanu na bine bya Afurika bifite abaturage barenga miliyari imwe hamwe n’umusaruro rusange w’imbere mu gihugu urenga miriyoni 3.4.

Ibiganiro

Biteganijwe ko imishyikirano ya CFTA iteganijwe muri Kamena 2015 kandi CFTA igomba gutangizwa n’itariki yerekana umwaka wa 2017. Intego nyamukuru za CFTA ni ugushiraho isoko rimwe ry’umugabane w’ibicuruzwa na serivisi, hamwe n’ubucuruzi bw’abashoramari n’ishoramari, bityo bigatanga inzira yo kwihutisha ishyirwaho ry’ubumwe bwa gasutamo. Bizagura kandi ubucuruzi hagati y’Afurika binyuze mu guhuza neza no guhuza ibikorwa byo kwishyira ukizana mu bucuruzi no korohereza ibikoresho n’ibikoresho muri REC ndetse no muri Afurika muri rusange. Biteganijwe kandi ko CFTA izamura ubushobozi bwo guhangana ku ruganda no ku rwego rw’ibikorwa binyuze mu gukoresha amahirwe yo kubyara umusaruro mwinshi, kugera ku isoko ry’umugabane no kugabana umutungo neza. Ishyirwaho rya CFTA no gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda y'ibikorwa byo kuzamura ubucuruzi bw’imbere muri Afurika (BIAT) bitanga urwego rwuzuye rwo gukurikiza ingamba z’iterambere ry’akarere. Iyambere yatekerejwe nkumushinga uteganijwe igihe, mugihe BIAT ikomeje intego zifatika zo gukuba kabiri ibicuruzwa biva muri Afrika kuva muri Mutarama 2012 na Mutarama 2022.